This page tracks major active or recently active conflicts by region with start dates, multi year milestones, present status, and background links that emphasize overall timelines rather than daily news cycles. Open the reference links under each region to delve deeper.
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Master Table
| Region | Conflict | Start | Key milestones (condensed) | Current status snapshot | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Africa | Sudan — SAF vs RSF (national, Darfur focus) | Apr 2023 | Khartoum battles 2023; sieges and displacement in Darfur 2023–2025; fragmented ceasefire efforts; 2025—protracted El-Fasher encirclement and drone/SAM use | RSF maintains siege pressure around El-Fasher; SAF holds core districts; humanitarian corridors largely shut; air and drone threats constrain relief flights | ICG overview | OCHA timeline |
| Africa | DR Congo East — Government and allies vs M23 and others | 2021 phase | Offensives toward Goma 2022–2024; shifting lines around Rutshuru/Sake; regional mediation tracks; 2025—M23 consolidates; ADF/ISCAP mass-casualty attacks | M23 retains gains near Goma/Sake and pressures toward Butembo; peace steps stall; ADF attacks persist; displacement and access constraints remain high | ICG overview | OCHA timeline |
| Africa | Somalia — Government and partners vs al Shabaab | 2007+ | AMISOM/ATMIS campaigns; urban raids; IED waves on MSRs; targeted air strikes; 2025—central corridor pressure persists | Raids and IED activity continue along central corridors; Mogadishu faces intermittent complex attacks; rural IED and checkpoint risks remain elevated | ICG overview | OCHA timeline |
| Africa | Central Sahel — JNIM and IS Sahel vs state forces | 2015+ | Liptako Gourma expansion; attacks on bases/towns; coups and mandate shifts 2020–2023; 2024–2025—continued rural control contests | Rural communes face ambush/IED risks; cross-border militant movement persists amid reduced international deployments | ICG overview | ACLED context |
| Africa | Cameroon Anglophone crisis — Government vs separatists | 2017+ | Security operations and school closures; repeated “lockdowns”; intermittent talks/mediation tracks | Low–moderate incident rates with episodic roadblocks, abductions, and localized ceasefire overtures | ICG overview |
| Middle East | Israel and Gaza — Israel vs Hamas and allied groups | 2023 phase | Large-scale operations 2023–2024; periodic pauses/hostage talks; 2025—block-by-block fighting with ceasefire frameworks under discussion | Urban combat and strikes in/around Gaza City; severe humanitarian constraints; talks fluctuate without durable cessation | ICG tracker | OCHA oPt |
| Middle East | Lebanon Israel frontier — Israeli forces vs Hezbollah | 2023 phase | Cross-border rocket/artillery/drone exchanges; evacuations of border towns; periodic escalations tied to Gaza | Calibrated exchanges persist; Israeli strikes into Bekaa; localized displacement and infrastructure damage on both sides | ICG overview |
| Middle East | Yemen — Government and partners vs Houthi movement | 2014+ | Multi-front fighting; UN-mediated truces; missile/drone incidents; 2024–2025—Red Sea maritime risk spikes | Fronts comparatively static ashore; periodic Houthi–Israel exchanges and maritime threats elevate regional spillover risk | ICG overview | OCHA timeline |
| Middle East | Syria — Government and allies vs opposition and IS cells | 2011+ | Shifts in northwest lines; IS insurgency in the Badia; localized arrangements and aid-access changes | Sporadic shelling in the northwest; security operations against IS cells continue with limited territorial change | ICG overview | OCHA timeline |
| Europe and Caucasus | Ukraine — Russia vs Ukraine | Feb 2022 | Initial invasion and Kyiv defense 2022; southern/eastern campaigns; recurring missile/UAV strikes on cities and grid; 2025—large salvo waves ahead of winter | High air-defense tempo; repeated long-range strikes on energy and urban nodes; frontline attrition fighting persists | ICG overview | OCHA timeline |
| Europe and Caucasus | Armenia Azerbaijan — post Karabakh border tensions | 2020+ | Ceasefire 2020; sporadic border incidents; delimitation and corridor talks 2021–2025 | Localized firing near demarcation worksites; slow talks; civilian movement remains constrained in contested areas | ICG overview |
| Europe and Caucasus | Kosovo — Police and KFOR vs Serb paramilitary elements | 2023 phase | Targeted operations in northern municipalities; seizures of weapons; intermittent roadblocks; EU-mediated talks | Elevated security posture with sporadic confrontations; periodic curfews and checkpoint frictions | ICG overview |
| Asia Pacific | Myanmar — Anti junta forces vs Tatmadaw and allies | 2021+ | Nationwide resistance; air/artillery use; intermittent town control shifts; 2025—expanded resistance drone use | Air and artillery strikes persist in Rakhine/Sagaing; resistance conducts guerrilla and drone attacks; access restrictions and displacement rising | ICG overview | OCHA timeline |
| Asia Pacific | Pakistan Northwest — State forces vs militant groups | 2022 uptick | Operations in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa; IED/ambush patterns; cross-border spillover alerts | Counter-terror sweeps continue; night-movement cautions and targeted raids in affected districts | ICG overview |
| Asia Pacific | South China Sea — Maritime standoffs | 2012+ phase | Scarborough/Second Thomas Shoal incidents; joint sails; legal/diplomatic protests; 2025—water-cannon and blocking escalations | Frequent at-sea face-offs during resupply/patrols; water-cannon incidents and exclusion maneuvers increase confrontation risk | CFR backgrounder |
| Asia Pacific | India Manipur — Intercommunal unrest and security response | 2023+ | Curfews/checkpoints; arson episodes; deployments and talks | Localized clashes and movement controls vary by district; periodic curfew adjustments and security sweeps | ReliefWeb India |
| Americas | Haiti — Police and community defense vs armed groups | 2020+ phase | Port-au-Prince road-control contests; international assistance debates; corridor reopen operations; 2025—MSS funding uncertainty | MSS deployment below targets; funding risk; gangs retain corridors in/around the capital; limited security zones under pressure | ICG overview | OCHA timeline |
| Americas | Colombia — Government vs ELN and FARC dissidents | 1960s and 2016 present phase | Peace accord 2016; intermittent talks/ceasefire windows; rural blockades and illicit-economy hotspots; 2025—Cauca corridor violence persists | Parallel dialogue and security operations; FARC dissidents active in southwest corridors with ambushes/IEDs; displacement remains a concern | ICG overview |
| Americas | Mexico — Security forces vs organized crime (various states) | 2006+ phase | Cartel corridor contests; roadblocks; targeted abductions/assassinations; periodic federal surges | Operations surge episodically after high-profile incidents; localized curfews/checkpoints in affected municipalities | ICG overview |
Expand for Region Timelines
Africa — detailed timeline notes
- Sudan: 2023 — SAF and RSF clash in Khartoum leading to nationwide conflict. 2023–2025 — escalations in Darfur with sieges and mass displacement; repeated ceasefire attempts. 2025 — El-Fasher encirclement; increased RSF drone/SAM use limits air relief. Sources: ICG, OCHA.
- DR Congo East: 2021 — M23 resurgence; 2022–2024 — offensives near Goma/Sake with regional talks. 2025 — M23 consolidates; ADF mass-casualty attacks in North Kivu. Sources: ICG, OCHA.
- Somalia: 2007–present — ATMIS operations; persistent IED campaign and targeted strikes; central corridor pressures sustained. Sources: ICG.
- Central Sahel: 2015–present — JNIM/IS Sahel expansion across tri-border; reduced external deployments raise rural risk. Sources: ACLED.
- Cameroon Anglophone: 2017–present — separatist conflict features lockdowns/school closures with intermittent dialogue. Source: ICG.
Middle East — detailed timeline notes
- Israel and Gaza: 2023 — large-scale hostilities; 2024–2025 — cycles of ground operations and ceasefire talks; severe humanitarian constraints continue. Sources: ICG, OCHA.
- Lebanon Israel frontier: 2023–present — calibrated exchanges with evacuations and periodic escalation management; Bekaa strikes noted in 2025. Source: ICG.
- Yemen: 2014–present — fronts fluctuate; UN truces; 2024–2025 — Red Sea maritime risk and regional spillover from Gaza theater. Sources: ICG, OCHA.
- Syria: 2011–present — mostly static lines with IS insurgency in the Badia; periodic arrangements shape aid access. Sources: ICG, OCHA.
Europe and Caucasus — detailed timeline notes
- Ukraine: 2022 — invasion; 2022–2025 — attritional fronts and repeated long-range strikes; 2025 — large salvo waves ahead of winter. Sources: ICG, OCHA.
- Armenia Azerbaijan: 2020 — ceasefire; 2021–2025 — incidents during border demarcation and corridor talks. Source: ICG.
- Kosovo: 2023 — spike in tensions and targeted police ops in the north; EU-mediated talks continue. Source: ICG.
Asia Pacific — detailed timeline notes
- Myanmar: 2021 — coup and nationwide resistance; 2022–2025 — multi-front fighting, air strikes, resistance drone adaptation. Sources: ICG, OCHA.
- Pakistan Northwest: 2022–present — insurgent activity rises with frequent operations and IED incidents in KP. Source: ICG.
- South China Sea: 2012–present — recurring standoffs, ramming/water-cannon incidents, and legal challenges; 2025 — tension around Scarborough/Second Thomas persists. Source: CFR backgrounder.
- India Manipur: 2023–present — intercommunal unrest with curfews and security deployments; periodic flare-ups and arrests. Source: ReliefWeb India.
Americas — detailed timeline notes
- Haiti: 2020–present — gang consolidation in Port-au-Prince; international support debates; corridor reopen operations; 2025—MSS funding uncertainty and limited footprint. Sources: ICG, OCHA.
- Colombia: 1960s and 2016–present — peace accord implementation with cycles of talks/violations by ELN and FARC dissidents; 2025—Cauca corridor violence persists. Source: ICG.
- Mexico: 2006–present — organized-crime confrontations with security forces/rival groups across multiple states; periodic federal surges. Source: ICG.
